BRIDGES

Bridge is a Layer 2 device. It works in Datalink layer of OSI layer model.
Bridges forward frames based on MAC address.
Bridges have a single incoming and outgoing port.
Bridges create multiple collision domain and single broadcast domain.
Bridge is a software based device.
Bridges maintains a MAC address table for both of the connected LAN segments.
Bridges usually divide an overloaded network into separate segments. So, it is used to separate parts of a network that do not not need to communicate frequently but need to be connected.

SWITCHES

Switches can work in Layer 2 or Layer 3 depending upon the selection of the switch model. Hence switch is a multilayer device.
Layer 2 switches forward frames based on MAC address. But Layer 3 switches forward data based on IP address.
Switches have many ports differs according to the model.
Switches can create multiple collision domains as well as multiple broadcast domain(VLANs).
Switch is a hardware based device. That is, packet forwarding in switches is done by ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit).
Switches also maintain MAC table to forward data.
Usually switches are used in large networks to connect computers or any type of hosts.
Switches can perform error checking before forwarding data.

Router is a Layer 3 device. It works in Network layer of OSI model.
Routers forward packets based on IP address.
All ports in a router are individual broadcast domain & individual collision domain. Routers will not forward any broadcast request.
Routers forward packet based on software.
Routers maintain a routing table to forward data based on IP address.
Routers are used to connect two or more logically separate network.