ITHELPDESK

BIOS - Basic Input Output System is a software that consists all the code required to control the disk drives, keyboard, mouse, display screen, serial ports and several other PC components.  Act as a bridge between hardware & OS while booting. Like a nervous system in our body. BIOS monitors hardware changes (Hardware Independence) It is placed in motherboard’s EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) chip. Cards like sound cards, Graphic cards has inbuilt BIOS chip called ROM BIOS chip. Booting Process When the CPU is switched ON, BIOS starts working. First it shows chipset type, processor name, size of memory. After that, BIOS reads details in CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor chip).  CMOS is a RAM which is powered by small button battery to keep it ON when PC is OFF. Information about time, date, boot device etc. will be there in CMOS. This information can be changed by entering into the setup menu while booting. Next, BIOS ...

To do system board upgrades & provide better recommendations to clients, technicians need to know their form factors. 1. AT Form Factor - Advanced Technology i. Invented by IBM in the early 1980's ii. Around 12" wide * 13" deep iii. Only designed to handle keyboard and monitor, lack of external ports required.  2.     ATX Form Factor - Advanced Technology Extended i. Designed by INTEL in 1995 ii. Around 12" * 9.6" in size iii. Built-in double high external I/O connector panel, hence external ports can be located directly on the board iv. Single main keyed internal power supply connector, hence the power connector is easy to plug & can't be installed incorrectly. v. Relocated CPU & memory next to the power supply which improved airflow cooling. Also reduced the interference with any bus expansion cards. vi. Relocated internal I/O connectors for the hard drives & the floppy drives near the drive bays to shorten the c...

Enclosure or Case Encases all the components of a computer. Square or rectangular in shape. Made of steel, Aluminium or plastic.       ⦁ Power supply Provides power to the components of the computer. Rated in Watts (A unit of power). Mostly 250 to the 400-watt range. Converts 110 Volt or 220 Volt  AC current to the DC voltages required to operate. The required voltages may be +3.3 VDC, + 5 VDC, -5VDC  (ground), +12 VDC, -12 VDC (ground) and +5 VDC  standby.       Note:   +3.3 VDC & +5 VDC standby voltages are used only by ATX motherboards, not          AT motherboards.     ⦁ Mo therboard The backbone of the computer, also known as the system board or Planar board. Olive green or brown circuit board that lines the bottom of the computer CPU (Central processing unit), expansion slots, underlying circuitry, video components, RAM (Random Access Memory...