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Spanning Tree Protocol prevents looping frames in a LAN with redundant links. Why we need Spanning Tree Protocol (IEEE 802.1D)? To prevent · Broadcast storms · MAC table instability · Multiple frame transmission When broadcast storms happen? Broadcast storms occur when any form of Ethernet frames – broadcast, multicast, or unknown destination unicast frames loop around a LAN endlessly. For example, if 3 switches Sw1, Sw2, and Sw3 are connected with each other. When a host named Tom connected with Sw1 sends a broadcast frame, according to the switch logic, Sw1 floods broadcast frames out all interfaces in the same VLAN except the interface in which the frame arrived. Sw1 forwards the frame to Sw2, Sw2 forwards the frame to Sw3 and Sw3 forwards it back to Sw1 again. This leads to broadcast storm. Also, note that Sw1 for...
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